Food held, cooled, cooked, or reheated outside safe temperatures, letting dangerous bacteria multiply.
Shelves, counters, handles, or equipment exteriors soiled with grease, debris, or dust.
Floors, walls, ceilings, or attached equipment dirty, damaged, or poorly vented.
High-risk food (like meat) thawed improperly, promoting bacterial growth.
Surfaces that touch food — cutting boards, ice bins, dish racks — soiled or not sanitized.